[PCIe] lspci command and the PCIe devices in my server

The following content is about my PCIe devices/drivers and the lspci command results.

$ cd /sys/bus/pci_express/drivers

$ ls -al

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0  7月  6 15:33 aer/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0  7月  6 15:33 pciehp/

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0  7月  6 15:33 pcie_pme/

[Caffe] Install Caffe and the depended packages

This article is just for me to quickly record the all the steps to install the depended packages for Caffe. So, be careful that it maybe is not good for you to walk through them in your environment. ^_^

# Install CCMAKE

$ sudo apt-get install cmake-curses-gui

[NCCL] Build and run the test of NCCL

NCCL requires at least CUDA 7.0 and Kepler or newer GPUs. Best performance is achieved when all GPUs are located on a common PCIe root complex, but multi-socket configurations are also supported.

Note: NCCL may also work with CUDA 6.5, but this is an untested configuration.

Build & run

To build the library and tests.

$ cd nccl
$ make CUDA_HOME=<cuda install path> test
Test binaries are located in the subdirectories nccl/build/test/{single,mpi}.

$ ~/git/nccl$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:./build/lib
$ ~/git/nccl$ ./build/test/single/all_reduce_test 100000000
# Using devices
#   Rank  0 uses device  0 [0x04] GeForce GTX 1080 Ti
#   Rank  1 uses device  1 [0x05] GeForce GTX 1080 Ti
#   Rank  2 uses device  2 [0x08] GeForce GTX 1080 Ti
#   Rank  3 uses device  3 [0x09] GeForce GTX 1080 Ti
#   Rank  4 uses device  4 [0x83] GeForce GTX 1080 Ti
#   Rank  5 uses device  5 [0x84] GeForce GTX 1080 Ti
#   Rank  6 uses device  6 [0x87] GeForce GTX 1080 Ti
#   Rank  7 uses device  7 [0x88] GeForce GTX 1080 Ti

#                                                 out-of-place                    in-place
#      bytes             N    type      op     time  algbw  busbw      res     time  algbw  busbw      res
   100000000     100000000    char     sum   30.244   3.31   5.79    0e+00   29.892   3.35   5.85    0e+00
   100000000     100000000    char    prod   30.493   3.28   5.74    0e+00   30.524   3.28   5.73    0e+00
   100000000     100000000    char     max   29.745   3.36   5.88    0e+00   29.877   3.35   5.86    0e+00
   100000000     100000000    char     min   29.744   3.36   5.88    0e+00   29.868   3.35   5.86    0e+00
   100000000      25000000     int     sum   29.692   3.37   5.89    0e+00   29.754   3.36   5.88    0e+00
   100000000      25000000     int    prod   30.733   3.25   5.69    0e+00   30.697   3.26   5.70    0e+00
   100000000      25000000     int     max   29.871   3.35   5.86    0e+00   29.700   3.37   5.89    0e+00
   100000000      25000000     int     min   29.809   3.35   5.87    0e+00   29.852   3.35   5.86    0e+00
   100000000      50000000    half     sum   28.590   3.50   6.12    1e-02   27.545   3.63   6.35    1e-02
   100000000      50000000    half    prod   27.416   3.65   6.38    1e-03   27.375   3.65   6.39    1e-03
   100000000      50000000    half     max   30.811   3.25   5.68    0e+00   30.670   3.26   5.71    0e+00
   100000000      50000000    half     min   30.818   3.24   5.68    0e+00   30.931   3.23   5.66    0e+00
   100000000      25000000   float     sum   29.719   3.36   5.89    1e-06   29.750   3.36   5.88    1e-06
   100000000      25000000   float    prod   29.741   3.36   5.88    1e-07   30.029   3.33   5.83    1e-07
   100000000      25000000   float     max   28.400   3.52   6.16    0e+00   28.400   3.52   6.16    0e+00
   100000000      25000000   float     min   28.364   3.53   6.17    0e+00   28.434   3.52   6.15    0e+00
   100000000      12500000  double     sum   33.989   2.94   5.15    0e+00   34.104   2.93   5.13    0e+00
   100000000      12500000  double    prod   33.895   2.95   5.16    2e-16   33.833   2.96   5.17    2e-16
   100000000      12500000  double     max   30.228   3.31   5.79    0e+00   30.273   3.30   5.78    0e+00
   100000000      12500000  double     min   30.324   3.30   5.77    0e+00   30.341   3.30   5.77    0e+00
   100000000      12500000   int64     sum   29.914   3.34   5.85    0e+00   30.036   3.33   5.83    0e+00
   100000000      12500000   int64    prod   30.975   3.23   5.65    0e+00   31.083   3.22   5.63    0e+00
   100000000      12500000   int64     max   29.954   3.34   5.84    0e+00   29.949   3.34   5.84    0e+00
   100000000      12500000   int64     min   29.946   3.34   5.84    0e+00   29.952   3.34   5.84    0e+00
   100000000      12500000  uint64     sum   29.981   3.34   5.84    0e+00   30.100   3.32   5.81    0e+00
   100000000      12500000  uint64    prod   30.911   3.24   5.66    0e+00   30.800   3.25   5.68    0e+00
   100000000      12500000  uint64     max   29.890   3.35   5.85    0e+00   29.947   3.34   5.84    0e+00
   100000000      12500000  uint64     min   29.929   3.34   5.85    0e+00   29.964   3.34   5.84    0e+00

 Out of bounds values : 0 OK
 Avg bus bandwidth    : 5.81761

[Mpld3] Render Matplotlib chart to web using Mpld3

The following example is about rendering a matplotlib chart on web, which is based on Django framework to build up. I encountered some problems before, such as, not able to see chart on the web page or having a run-time error after reloading the page. But, all the problems are solved.

<< demo/views.py>>

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import mpld3

def plot_test1(request):
context = {}
fig, ax = plt.subplots(subplot_kw=dict(axisbg='#EEEEEE'))
N = 100

"""
Demo about using matplotlib and mpld3 to rendor charts
"""
scatter = ax.scatter(np.random.normal(size=N),
np.random.normal(size=N),
c=np.random.random(size=N),
s=1000 * np.random.random(size=N),
alpha=0.3,
cmap=plt.cm.jet)
ax.grid(color='white', linestyle='solid')

ax.set_title("Scatter Plot (with tooltips!)", size=20)

labels = ['point {0}'.format(i + 1) for i in range(N)]
tooltip = mpld3.plugins.PointLabelTooltip(scatter, labels=labels)
mpld3.plugins.connect(fig, tooltip)
#figure = mpld3.fig_to_html(fig)
figure = json.dumps(mpld3.fig_to_dict(fig))
context.update({ 'figure' : figure })

"""
Demo about using tensorflow to predict the result
"""
num = np.random.randint(100)
prediction = predict_service.predict(num)
context.update({ 'num' : num })
context.update({ 'prediction' : prediction })

return render(request, 'demo/demo.html', context)

<<demo/demo.html>>

<script type="text/javascript" src="http://d3js.org/d3.v3.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://mpld3.github.io/js/mpld3.v0.2.js"></script>
<style>
/* Move down content because we have a fixed navbar that is 50px tall */
body {
padding-top: 50px;
padding-bottom: 20px;
}
</style>
<html>
<div id="fig01"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">

figure = {{ figure|safe }};
mpld3.draw_figure("fig01", figure);

</script>
</html>

So, we can see the result as follows:

[Hadoop] To build a Hadoop environment (a single node cluster)

For the purpose of studying Hadoop, I have to build a testing environment to do. I found some resource links are good enough to build a single node cluster of Hadoop MapReduce as follows. And there are additional changes from my environment that I want to add some comments for my reference.

http://www.thebigdata.cn/Hadoop/15184.html
http://www.powerxing.com/install-hadoop/

Login the user "hadoop"

$ sudo su - hadoop

Go to the location of Hadoop

$ /usr/local/hadoop

Add the variables in ~/.bashrc

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64 export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop export HADOOP_INSTALL=/usr/local/hadoop export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_INSTALL/bin export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_INSTALL/sbin export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL

Modify $JAVA_HOME in etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64

Start dfs and yarn

$ sbin/start-dfs.sh
$ sbin/start-yarn.sh

Finally, we can try the Hadoop MapReduce example as follows:
$ bin/hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.0.jar grep input output 'dfs[a-z.]+'

[Spark] To install Spark environment based on Hadoop

This document is to record how to install Spark environment based on Hadoop as the previous one. For running Spark in Ubuntu machine, it should install Java first. Using the following command is easily to install Java in Ubuntu machine.

$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre openjdk-7-jdk
$ dpkg -L openjdk-7-jdk | grep '/bin/javac'
$ /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac

So, we can setup the JAVA_HOME environment variable as follows:
$ vim /etc/profile
  append this ==> export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64

$ sudo tar -zxf ~/Downloads/spark-1.6.0-bin-without-hadoop.tgz -C /usr/local/
$ cd /usr/local
$ sudo mv ./spark-1.6.0-bin-without-hadoop/ ./spark
$ sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop ./spark

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install scala
$ wget http://apache.stu.edu.tw/spark/spark-1.6.0/spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz
$ tar xvf spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz
$ cd /spark-1.6.0-bin-hadoop2.6/bin
$ ./spark-shell

$ cd /usr/local/spark
$ cp ./conf/spark-env.sh.template ./conf/spark-env.sh
$ vim ./conf/spark-env.sh
  append this ==> export SPARK_DIST_CLASSPATH=$(/usr/local/hadoop/bin/hadoop classpath)

[picamera] Solving the problem of video display using Raspberry Pi Camera

When I tried to use Raspberry Pi Camera to display video or image, I encountered a problem that there is no image frame and the GUI showed a black frame on the screen. It took me a while to figure out this issue.
    After searching the similar error on the Internet, I found it is related with using picamera library v1.11 and Python 2.7. So I try downgrading to picamera v1.10 and this should resolve the blank/black frame issue:

The linux command is as follows:
$ sudo pip uninstall picamera
$ sudo pip install 'picamera[array]'==1.10

So, it seems there are some issues with the most recent version of picamera that are causing a bunch of problems for Python 2.7 and Python 3 users.

[Kafka] Install and setup Kafka

Kafka is used for building real-time data pipelines and streaming apps. It is horizontally scalable, fault-tolerant, wicked fast, and runs in production in thousands of companies.



Install and setup Kafka
$ sudo useradd kafka -m
$ sudo passwd kafka
$ sudo adduser kafka sudo
$ su - kafka
$ sudo apt-get install zookeeperd


To make sure that it is working, connect to it via Telnet:
$telnet localhost 2181
$ mkdir -p ~/Downloads
$ wget "http://mirror.cc.columbia.edu/pub/software/apache/kafka/0.8.2.1/kafka_2.11-0.8.2.1.tgz" -O ~/Downloads/kafka.tgz
$ mkdir -p ~/kafka && cd ~/kafka
$ tar -xvzf ~/Downloads/kafka.tgz --strip 1
$ vi ~/kafka/config/server.properties

By default, Kafka doesn't allow you to delete topics. To be able to delete topics, add the following line at the end of the file:
⇒ delete.topic.enable = true

Start Kafka
$ nohup ~/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh ~/kafka/config/server.properties > ~/kafka/kafka.log 2>&1 &

Publish the string "Hello, World" to a topic called TutorialTopic by typing in the following:
$ echo "Hello, World" | ~/kafka/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic TutorialTopic
$ ~/kafka/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic TutorialTopic --from-beginning