[Explanation][Trema] The message mechanism in flow_manager app

I give 2 pictures to illustrate the message mechanism in flow_manager app.

1. Request/Reply message using send_request_message() and send_reply_message()

2. (Received) Message using send_message()

[Open vSwitch] Simply test ovs-ofctl command on GNS3 simulation network

This article is to test ovs-ofctl command on GNS3 simulation network. PC1 and PC2 are  virtual machine on Qemu. U_OVS is emulated with Open vSwitch and an OpenFlow Controller is also on it. Please see the following picture:

1. For how to build the following GNS3 environment, please refer to the URL:
http://brezular.wordpress.com/2011/06/25/part2-openvswich-vlans-trunks-l3-vlan-interface-intervlan-routing-configuration-and-testing/
2. Run > sudo ovs-ofctl show br0

OFPT_FEATURES_REPLY (xid=0x1): ver:0x1, dpid:000008002725cd53
n_tables:1, n_buffers:256
features: capabilities:0x87, actions:0xfff
 1(eth1): addr:08:00:27:95:ef:0b
     config:     0
     state:      LINK_DOWN
     current:    COPPER AUTO_NEG
     advertised: 10MB-HD 10MB-FD 100MB-HD 100MB-FD 1GB-FD COPPER AUTO_NEG
     supported:  10MB-HD 10MB-FD 100MB-HD 100MB-FD 1GB-FD COPPER AUTO_NEG
 2(eth3): addr:08:00:27:25:cd:53
     config:     0
     state:      0
     current:    1GB-FD COPPER AUTO_NEG
     advertised: 10MB-HD 10MB-FD 100MB-HD 100MB-FD 1GB-FD COPPER AUTO_NEG
     supported:  10MB-HD 10MB-FD 100MB-HD 100MB-FD 1GB-FD COPPER AUTO_NEG
 3(eth2): addr:08:00:27:c3:5f:90
     config:     0
     state:      0
     current:    1GB-FD COPPER AUTO_NEG
     advertised: 10MB-HD 10MB-FD 100MB-HD 100MB-FD 1GB-FD COPPER AUTO_NEG
     supported:  10MB-HD 10MB-FD 100MB-HD 100MB-FD 1GB-FD COPPER AUTO_NEG
 LOCAL(br0): addr:08:00:27:25:cd:53
     config:     PORT_DOWN
     state:      LINK_DOWN
OFPT_GET_CONFIG_REPLY (xid=0x3): frags=normal miss_send_len=0

3. After PC1 and PC2 ping each other, run > sudo ovs-ofctl dump-flows br0
NXST_FLOW reply (xid=0x4):
 cookie=0x0, duration=17.125s, table=0, n_packets=14, n_bytes=1372, idle_timeout=5,priority=65535,icmp,in_port=2,vlan_tci=0x0000,dl_src=00:aa:00:3c:24:00,dl_dst=00:aa:00:4d:1d:00,nw_src=192.168.1.2,nw_dst=192.168.1.1,nw_tos=0,icmp_type=8,icmp_code=0 actions=output:3
 cookie=0x0, duration=18.13s, table=0, n_packets=15, n_bytes=1470, idle_timeout=5,priority=65535,icmp,in_port=3,vlan_tci=0x0000,dl_src=00:aa:00:4d:1d:00,dl_dst=00:aa:00:3c:24:00,nw_src=192.168.1.1,nw_dst=192.168.1.2,nw_tos=0,icmp_type=0,icmp_code=0 actions=output:2

p.s:
the script of PC1 configuration
Login is tc without password set.
Assign IP address 192.168.1.1/24 to eth0 and make it persistent after next reboot of Microcore
sudo hostname PC1
sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0
echo "hostname PC1" >> /opt/bootlocal.sh
echo "ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0" >> /opt/bootlocal.sh
/usr/bin/filetool.sh -b

[Explanation][Trema] The Register Event in Routing Switch App

If we want to understand how Routing Switch App works in Trema, we have to know the event register first. Here is a simple explanation about the register event in Routing Switch App, which is related Topology Ap.

[How to] Find a key word or Replace it with other string on Linux

Please refer to these examples:

Find the key word "ProcessType=6" in text files under current path (included sub folder)
> find ./ -name "*.txt" -exec grep -n -H "ProcessType=6" {} \;

Replace the key word "python2.4" with "python2.6" in python files under /opt/stack (included sub folder)
> find /opt/stack -name "*.py" -exec sed -i 's/python2.4/python2.6/' '{}' \;

Based on the script above, you will be able to find or replace a key word quickly and efficiently.

[How to] Install Qt SDK on Ubuntu

1. Download Qt SDK
wget http://www.developer.nokia.com/dp?uri=http%3A%2F%2Fsw.nokia.com%2Fid%2F14b2039c-0e1f-4774-a4f2-9aa60b6d5313%2FQt_SDK_Lin64_offlinehttp://www.developer.nokia.com/dp?uri=http%3A%2F%2Fsw.nokia.com%2Fid%2F14b2039c-0e1f-4774-a4f2-9aa60b6d5313%2FQt_SDK_Lin64_offline


2. Change the file's mode for execution and run it.
> chmod u+x Qt_SDK_Lin64_offline_v1_2_en.run ( e.g )
> ./Qt_SDK_Lin64_offline_v1_2_en.run ( e.g. )

3. Install g++ compiler
> sudo apt-get install g++

4. If the error message ( Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "pixmap" ) shows when running Qt Creator, you need to run:
> sudo apt-get install gtk2-engines-pixbuf

[How to] Install Boost library on Ubuntu

> sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev
That's it.

And also, there are plenty of examples as follows:
http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_38_0/doc/html/boost_asio/examples.html

Look for a Qt library for network topology

Qanava could be my solution for network topology based on Qt4. But, it had been not maintained anymore...

main page:
http://gna.org/projects/qanava

git repository
http://repo.or.cz/w/qanava.git

Document 
Qanava Manual v0.1.0

[How to] Use tcpdump to look at LLDP packet

Here is an example about how to use tcpdump tool to look at LLDP information

> sudo tcpdump -c 1 -lv -v -i eth0 -a -e -s 1514 ether proto 0x88cc

The result:
tcpdump: listening on eth4, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 1514 bytes
13:30:46.426056 08:00:27:09:61:e9 (oui Unknown) > 01:80:c2:00:00:0e (oui Unknown), ethertype LLDP (0x88cc), length 156: LLDP, length 142
    Chassis ID TLV (1), length 7
      Subtype MAC address (4): 08:00:27:09:61:e9 (oui Unknown)
      0x0000:  0408 0027 0961 e9
    Port ID TLV (2), length 7
      Subtype MAC address (3): 08:00:27:09:61:e9 (oui Unknown)
      0x0000:  0308 0027 0961 e9
    Time to Live TLV (3), length 2: TTL 120s
      0x0000:  0078
    System Name TLV (5), length 15: Ubuntu-Devstack
      0x0000:  5562 756e 7475 2d44 6576 7374 6163 6b
    System Description TLV (6), length 43
      Ubuntu 11.10\0x0a Linux 3.0.0-14-generic x86_64
      0x0000:  5562 756e 7475 2031 312e 3130 0a20 4c69
      0x0010:  6e75 7820 332e 302e 302d 3134 2d67 656e
      0x0020:  6572 6963 2078 3836 5f36 34
    System Capabilities TLV (7), length 4
      System  Capabilities [Bridge, WLAN AP, Router] (0x001c)
      Enabled Capabilities [Bridge, Router] (0x0014)
      0x0000:  001c 0014
    Management Address TLV (8), length 12
      Management Address length 5, AFI IPv4 (1): Ubuntu-Devstack.local
      Interface Index Interface Numbering (2): 5
      0x0000:  0501 c0a8 7a01 0200 0000 0500
    Port Description TLV (4), length 4: eth4
      0x0000:  6574 6834
    Organization specific TLV (127), length 9: OUI IEEE 802.3 Private (0x00120f)
      Link aggregation Subtype (3)
        aggregation status [supported], aggregation port ID 0
      0x0000:  0012 0f03 0100 0000 00
    Organization specific TLV (127), length 9: OUI IEEE 802.3 Private (0x00120f)
      MAC/PHY configuration/status Subtype (1)
        autonegotiation [supported, enabled] (0x03)
        PMD autoneg capability [10BASE-T hdx, 10BASE-T fdx, 100BASE-TX hdx, 100BASE-TX fdx, 1000BASE-T fdx] (0x6c01)
        MAU type 1000BASET fdx (0x001e)
      0x0000:  0012 0f01 036c 0100 1e
    Organization specific TLV (127), length 6: OUI IEEE 802.3 Private (0x00120f)
      Max frame size Subtype (4)
        MTU size 0
      0x0000:  0012 0f04 0000
    End TLV (0), length 0


The following is the argument list for reference:
 -a 　　　將網絡地址和廣播地址轉變成名字
 -d 　　　將匹配信息包的代碼以人們能夠理解的彙編格式給出
 -dd 　　 將匹配信息包的代碼以c語言程序段的格式給出
 -ddd 　　將匹配信息包的代碼以十進制的形式給出
 -e 　　　在輸出行打印出數據鏈路層的頭部信息
 -f 　　　將外部的Internet地址以數字的形式打印出來
 -l 　　　使標準輸出變為緩衝行形式( line buffered mode )
 -n 　　　不把網絡地址轉換成名字
 -t 　　　在輸出的每一行不打印時間戳
 -v 　　　輸出一個稍微詳細的信息，例如在ip包中可以包括ttl和服務類型的信息
 -vv 　　 輸出詳細的報文信息
 -c 　　　在收到指定的包的數目後，tcpdump就會停止
 -F 　　　從指定的文件中讀取表達式,忽略其它的表達式
 -i 　　　指定監聽的網絡接口
 -r 　　　從指定的文件中讀取包(這些包一般通過-w選項產生)
 -w 　　　直接將包寫入文件中，並不分析和打印出來
 -T 　　　將監聽到的包直接解釋為指定的類型的報文，常見的類型有rpc （遠程過程調用）和snmp（簡單網絡管理協議；）